Which condition is defined by excessive eating?

The condition defined by excessive eating is polyphagia. This term specifically refers to an increased appetite or a compulsive need to eat large amounts of food, often associated with metabolic conditions such as diabetes mellitus. In diabetes, for instance, despite high caloric intake, the body's inability to utilize glucose effectively leads to persistent hunger as cells are not receiving the energy they need.

Understanding the context of this condition helps differentiate it from others. Polyuria refers to excessive urination, often seen in diabetes due to high blood sugar levels. Polydipsia is characterized by excessive thirst, which can also be a response to dehydration caused by polyuria. Acidosis, on the other hand, refers to an excess of acid in the body fluids and is not directly related to eating behavior. Each of these conditions addresses different physiological responses, making polyphagia the distinct choice when it comes to excessive eating.