Which hormone is responsible for promoting bone and tissue growth?

The hormone responsible for promoting bone and tissue growth is growth hormone. Also known as somatotropin, growth hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Its primary role is to stimulate growth and development in children and adolescents, but it also plays significant roles in metabolism and maintaining muscle mass and bone density throughout life.

Growth hormone stimulates the liver and other tissues to produce insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), which are crucial for the growth and development of various tissues, including bone and cartilage. This action leads to an increase in protein synthesis, cell growth, and regeneration, making it essential for overall physical growth and development.

In contrast, other hormones listed do not primarily regulate growth in the same way. Thyrotropin, also known as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), primarily stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is mainly involved in reproductive processes, influencing the maturation of egg and sperm. Luteinizing hormone (LH) also plays a key role in reproductive functions, stimulating ovulation and testosterone production, but does not directly contribute to tissue and bone growth.